Boiler



March 19, 1935. A. u. WETHERBEE 1,995,134

I BOILER Original F1ed`0ct. 7, 1926 Y 5ASheetS-Sheet 1 4f//Mzg I@Mig/Mae@ Mw man March 19, 1935. A, u. WET'HERBEE 1,995,134

BOILER y Original Filed Oct. '7. 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 19, -1935.A. u. WETHERBEE :501mmy 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 originai Filed oct. 7, 192e @yuw /J; f/Ma,

March 19, 1935. A. u. WETHERBEE 1,995,134 l BOILER Original Filed Octk.'7, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 March 19, 1935. A. nu. WETHERBEE BOILER 5Sheets-Sheet 5 Original Filed Oct. 7. 1926 35 ing parts or the boilerVto provide; supporting 9-9 Of Figure 8. Y

Patented Mar. 19, i935 i f 1595,13@

i Unirse fsrgssarss orricsf Applicationfctober 7, 1926, Serial No.,139,978 Renewed September 17, 1932 6 ciaims. (cl. 12a-331) i Thisinvention relates` to boilers,` and more as a water jacket enclosing thefire-box and cornparticularly to a boiler for generating vsteam ofbustion chamber, the water jacket and part ofl the ,water tubetypev fthecasing also constituting a leg for the circu- In boiiersof thisgeneral class itis known to lation of the heated water.- A furtherobject 5,h provide a plurality oi steam and water drums at is to soposition the water jacket andportions of Y 5 he upper portion oi theboiler connected' together the casing relative to the re-box andconibusby circulating tubes-. These drumsfareconnected tion chamber thatthe water flowing downwardly by a plurality oi sets of'tvater tubestoalo-wer through the legs will absorb a' large partici" the water-drumwhich, in turn, is connected to a heat from the heated gases andproducts of comlQ; mud drum. Thesetubes are heated by means of bustionpassing through the furnaceso as to be A a suitable furnace including asetting enclosing C p leheid thereby, thus utilizing this heat, Which Ythe sets of tubes anddrurns. It is necessary in in furnaces of ordinaryconstructionjgoes u pthis construction; to obtain sufficientr heatingthe chimney. Further objects willz appear from surface, to employ alarge number of tubes; n This, the detailed description.

1 5; together with the necessary setting, renders the 'In the drawingst-Y v A construction and setting ofthe boiler expensive Figure- 1 is alongitudinal. Vertical sectional fronithe standpoint of time and laborlas well asA View through a boiler constructed in accordance the cost ofmaterials. Y l, with my invention; l Y v i Y Another objectionablefeature to the general Figure Zis a section taken substantially online2O type ofhorizontal multi-,tubularwater tube boil- 2-2 of yFigure 1; lv 2o ers commonly used is the difficulty of obtaining Figure fisasection taken substantially on line uniform and rapid circulationoi thewater. This 3 3 of Figure 1; l i is due, to g, large extent, V50tpalm-ge number of Figure 4 is a section taken substantially on linetubes necessarily employed and thevarious con- 4-4 of Figli-1'@ l; l Ynections between these diiierent sets of tubes and Figure 5 is alongitudinal vertical sectional view 25 the various drunis. Thesenumerous connec-V through a` modiiied form of the boiler; f tionsnecessarily impede the now of the water and Figure v 6 iS a Vertical IOIlgiilldinl Semifinal materially interfere with that rapid and uniformView through another modified form; circulation which isso verydesirable in a steam Figure '7 is a section takensub tantiaily Onlineboiler. f j i f '7-7 of Figure 6; f 3() havefcund that the aboveobjections can be Figure 8 is a longitudinal vertical sectional overcomeby using a single set of tubes estab- View through another mOOliedormrof the boillishing direct communication between the mud er; and fdrum the water and stearn drum, and forrn-v Figure 9 is asection takensubstantially on line f Y 35 structures for the boiler as well as waterlegs and T116 fllliie includes a miil Casing 1 0f Sheet f a i* er jacketenclosing the "re-.box and co1nmetall WhChiS suitably braced and stayedin a n chamber. This avoids the necessity of ki'lOWIi mami- This CasingiS ODlQI'OXimaiiely v ,visive Setting and also provides an unusu'rectangular shape longitudinally and transversefio any ne' ,tingsurface. The provision of a. 1v and has mounted therein a erstestructure 2 4o large combustion cha aber and large heating surof knowntype positioned between the rontof face insures complete combustion andalso inthe casingand abridge W9113 OBIaCOIy mafsures that 'the greaterportion of the'heat will be terial. The front wall la is provided withsuit- `ted from the hot gases andproducts of able openings in which'aremounted door frames istion nowing through the furnace. re- 4 and doors5, respectively, in a known manner 45 sul in Yhigh operating eiiiciencyA furnace and of known construction, the doors being posiconstructed inthis manner occupies lminimum tioned for insertion of fuel into thelire-b'oxrand space for a given capacity and iseasily adaptable removalof ashes'fronfi the ash pit beneath the to available space, both ofwhich are Vimportant grate. A Suitable rfiatly lining 6 iS DI'OVdeconsiderations in installing boilers.

One of the inainobjects of the invention is to known construction isconnected to the steam provide aste-,am boiler-of simple and comparaandwater space in theusual manner. Theside tively inexpensive constructionand high efiiwalls of the casing are formed of inner and outer'. ciency.A further object is to provide a boiler walls '7a and 8, respectively,which' are spaced in which a part ofthe enclosing casing isutilizedapart to provide steam and watermspaces 9. The 55 vabove the rire-boxdoor and a Ywater gauge '7 of 50 spaces 9 are closed at the upper andlower ends thereof bytop and bottom plates Yl and 11, re-

spectively, which are formed by bending wall 7a outwardly and aresecured to wall 8 by welding, riveting, or in any other suitable orpreferred manner. The plates 7a and 8 and associated parts constitutewater legs which, due to their hollow construction, possess veryappreciable mechanical'strength and serve to support the casing 1 at thesides thereof. These water legs extendV throughout the length of thefire-box 12 andthe gas passage 13, sov that the products of combustionand heated gases flowing through the furnace come into contact with theinner faces of` plates 7a, and a large portion of thelheat oftheseproducts is absorbed by the waterin thewater legs which is thuspreheated thereby beforeentry of the water into the mud drum.

A mud drum 14 extends transversely Aof-casing '1 at the lower end of thelegs thereof adjacenta back wall 15' of refractory material. `The. end

portions of this drum'extendthrough the water' legs and have directcommunication'therewith'at 16. The drum 14 is connected by a pluralityo'f water tubes 17, which form the yrisers of Vthe boiler, to a waterand steam drum v18 supported transversely of thecasing and adjacent thetop of thefront thereof. The ends of this drum also extend through thewaterlegs andA have fdirect communication therewith by means of suitableopenings1 19 in boththe upper and lower portions' ofther drum. This-drumis provided with a suit*- able safety'valve 20 of knovm-construction,and

, both of the drums are provided vwith suitable of refractory materialtothe top wall of the cas-A ing, terminating adjacent a collarA 27secured'to the top'wall of the casing and adapted for reception of thesmoke pipe'or conduit forconnecting the outlet opening 28 defined vbythe collar to a chimney or stack. A suitableV damper 29 is mountedadjacent collar 27 and positioned lfor Vcontrolling the draftbyregulating 4the leffective area of the opening 28. Plate 22 ispreferably provided with a suitable clean out opening normally closed bya slide or door 30, and the `casing lcan also be provided withrsuitablypositioned clean out openings and means for closing the same, as will beunderstood.

The bafiie wall 26 extends completely'across the interior of the casingand from a `point in rear of plate 22 to within a short rdistance ofdrum 18.

- This plate is disposed in parallelism with and closely adjacent theupper row `of tubes Y17 and is provided at its upper end with adepending supplemental baiiie plate or nose 30 which extends downwardly.This wall or nose baiile 30 isoptional in the various forms of boilerherein shown.

AA cap plate 31 of arcuate Vcrosssection is positioned adjacent thelower end of plate or wall 26 andrextends the vfull'width ofthe casing,this cap plate tting snugly over the rounded lower end portions of theupper row of Vtubes 17 and closing the space between baile 26' and thetop ofthe mud drum 14. Cap plate 3l is vheld against rear'- wardmovement by an angle strip 32 secured to the top of driun 14. This capplate may be provided with a suitable hand hold 34 to facilitate removalof the same for cleaning out between the tubes 17.

A lower baille wall 35 of refractory material extends completely acrosstheinterior of casing V1 and isdisposed closely adjacent and parallel tothe upper surfaces of the lowermost row of tubes '17, lor some higherrow, this wall'extending from Vthe lower portion of drum 1'8 to within ashort distance of the mud drum 4. It will also be noted that the lining6 fits snugly about the wardly of casing l1 about theupper end of bafflewall 25 to the outlet opening28. This insures that the heated gases andproducts-of combustion will be brought into intimate contact with thetubes 17,` as Well as with the inner walls of the water legs; so 'as tovery effectually heat the water` therein, thus utilizingla -veryappreciable amount of heat which wouldotherwise go up the chimney and bewasted.

i `It will also 'be noted that the lower portion of the drum 18'is sopositioned asY to be exposed to the direct heat-of the re in thefire-box 12 of the furnace so that'the water'therein is quicklyheated'to a high'temperature, resulting in the generationof `large`volumes of steam. In the operation =of the boiler the feed waterV issupplied tothe water legs yby known means and, as it fis relativelycool, ilows VYdownwardly through the waterlegs vinto vthe mud' drum 14,this feed water being preheated by the products of combustion iiowingthrough the casing l in the manner previously described. From the muddrumv 14 this preheated water flows upwardly thru the tubes or risers17v during passage through whichV it is heated to a high temperature,and then is heated vto, a still higher temperature and a langeY portionthereof is converted into steam, the remainder flowing from thej drum 18into the water legs through which it flows downwardly and again entersthe drum 14. As'the water legs are of comparatively great cross-area,free and continuous circulationof the water is thus insured, lresultingin the production of a large volume of steam for a given amount of fuelconsumed, thus iiciency. Y

Inthe modiiied form illustrated in Figure 5, the smoke conduit 37extends from the back portion 33a of casing l, and the nose bafie 301somitted. A supplementalbridge wall 3b of hollow construction is mountedon the main bridge wall 3a, and has direct communication at its endswiththe Water legs ;A and the inner front liner 6a is also of vhollowconstruction and has direct communication at its ends with. the waterlegs. An inclineddeflector plate 38 extendsrfrom the top wallV of thecasing, to the smoke conduit 37 and extends completely across thecasing, and an in clined back wall 39 extends from the lowereportionofi-smoke kconduit 37'toa T-'bar 40, extend` ing transversely of' thecasing above the mud `drum 14. This T-bar serves to hold the atcap plate41 -in position-between the bar and the lower producing a boiler of veryhigh efend of baille wall or plate 26. `Bar 40 also serves to hold inposition a plate 42 extending from the upper portion ofthe mud drum tothe bar 40v and disposed adjacent the lower end of the upper In the formillustrated in Figures 6 and .7, I`

provide an upper grate 43 formed of headers 44 extending transversely ofthe casing and havl ing direct communicationat their ends with the waterlegs, these headers beingvconnected by inclinedfwater tubes 45, and abaille wall 46 being provided which extends from the upper portion.

of the inner header 44 to the lower bafie plate or wall 35, The irontwall of thercasing is pro vided with a suitable opening and an upperre-door 47 normally closing the same and per'- mitting fuel tobeplacedfupon the gratestructure 43, and a suitable lining 48 ofrefractory mate-,- rial extends from the top of the doorlopeningr abovegrate 43 to the drum 18. A smoke conduit 49 extends from thesupplemental baille'plate 30 and the upper inner portion of drum 18' toa collar 31 on the top of casing 1 for reception oi' a smoke pipe orconduit by means .of which the smoke and the gases are conducted to asuitable stack or chimney. The walls or plates 7b and 8a of the waterlegs are connected by channel members 10a and 11a secured thereto byriveting, welding, or in any other suitable yor preferred manner.

The fuel is initially placed upon the upper grate 43 and a down draft iscreated throughthe fuel bed, the path of flow of the air and theproducts of combustion being indicated by the arrows.

This results in quickly heating the water within' the grate structure 43toa high temperature; As the fuel is coked it falls between the tubesvonto the grate 2 where itY is completely consumed, the ash fallingthrough the grate 2 into the'ash pit. It will benoted that the heatedgases and products of combustion flowing through the smoke conduit-49are caused to ilow over and about the inner portion of drum 18 in directcontact therewith. The outer lower portion of the drum is also subjectedto the' direct action of the heat generated in the upper 'combustionchamber 12a. This results in quickly heating the water within drum 18 toahigh temperature which action, combined with theheating of thewater inthe grate structure 43 and the free circulation of the water previouslyreferred to, renders it possible to generate a large volume of steamwith the consumption of a comparatively small amount of uel.

In the modified form illustrated in Figures 8 and 9, the grate 2a' isinclined downwardly and rearwardly of the casing 1, so as to be disposedin substantial parallelism withy the tubes 17, and the upper and lowerportions of plates or walls 8b of the water legs vare turned inwardly atright angles to form top and bottom closure elements 10b and 11b,respectively, which are secured to inner walls 7c by butt welding. Thebridge wall 5l is extended upwardly to the lowermost row of tubes 17 andhas its front face 51o. disposed substantially at right angles to thegrate 2c. A baille 52 extends from the upper end of bridge wall 51 tothe uppermost row of tubes, this baille extending completely across theinterior of casing 1 and between the tubes. A lining 53 of refractoryymaterial'is positioned adjacent the top of casing 1 and extends fromthe upper portionof drum 1 8 vto a'vertical baille wall 54 which extendstransversely ofthe casing above the tubes 17 and isprovided with .adepending angularly disposed reducedl portion 55, which extends aroundand between the tubes, this reduced por` tion 55 extending tothelowermost row of the tubes; A* smoke conduit .56. communicates withthecasing 1 adjacent the rear face of baille wall 54 and an inclinedback plate 57 extends from the upper portion of mud drum 14totherearward portionqof the opening 58 with which the'con'- duit 56communicates, therplate 57 extending this baille and wall 54' and plate57, from which space the products of combustion enter the conduit 56.V.By arranging'the bailles in this manner Vthe ypath of travel oftheproducts of `combustion is comparativelyflong and the direction of.

travel of these products is completely reversed twice, so that thegreater portion of the heat is extracted therefrom before the productsof combustion enter the conduit 56.` It is Valso to be noted Vthat thebailles and the `l ,iningv53 become.

heated toa comparatively high temperature and supplement the directaction'of the products of combustion in heating the tubes and the drum18. By thus lengthening. the pathI of travel voi the products ofcombustion and reversing the direction of flow thereof, it is possibleto construct the casing and associated parts so as toproduce al boilerof much less length for a given production of steam than would be thecase if the products of combustion could pass` straight through theboiler from the front to the rear thereof. For this reason, a boilerconstructed as illustrated in Figures 8 and 9 is particularly adapted`for use Where the space for installing the boiler is limited.

I also contemplate a slight modiiication of the form illustrated inFigures 8 and 9, in which modification the lining 53 is replaced by acap or `cover plate of refractorymaterial disposed upon orrcloselyadjacent the top row of tubes, and. one or both of the baiiles areshortened to permit flow ofthe products of combustion about and betweenthe tubes. This eliminates spaceabove the tubes and ensures that theproducts lof combustion, while in a highly heated condition, will bebrought intointimate Contact with the tubes.v In this respect, thisvariation is even more eiicient than the form illustratedr in FiguresV 8andY 9. :It will also be apparent that the arrangement of closure orcover walls or linings and baiiles in the other forms illustrated landdescribed can be varied widely vto suit individual preference or localconditions, and Ido not, therefore, intend to be limited to theparticular arrangements of baiiles and Wall disclosed.

In the construction shown in Figures 8 and 9 the upper and lowerportions of plates or walls 8b, which constitute the dished elements ofthe legs, are turned inwardly. This construction can be `-reversed,however, the upper and lower portions of walls 7c being turned outwardlyand secured by' buttA welding. to walls* 8b.;` This: variation; ist.obvious; andf; illustration not: necessary. Either form produces a.Water legzroi inexpensive but'. strong and durable construction.; c

In all of the various-1 forms ofthe'boiler illus` trated; and described,a. suitable supportingbase: or foundation is providedwithwhicharerassoci-V ated the'bridge Wallsf and the side wa11s59, and.l the backwallsv for'supporting' thefcasing and; as` sociated parts. i i

Also, desired; the: boiler mayrbe provided with a coating Aor coveringofany-suitable orprefenred.; heat insulating material to prevent. loss-of heat by radiation, though I do not deem this essential. due to theWater jacketing effect'. of theA water:

- legs and thev rapidand direct circulation of the;-

water. i

In all' of the. forms illustratedg. the plates. ofi the Water legs aresecured. together at ,theiront and back thereofin, thev same manner as,Vat the top and bottom ofthe legs, and thewater tubes: are cur-ved or:arched at their endsi This is. a.

known form of constructiorn which; permits. of;l

A for hot water heating.` In', that` event they hot.

Water take-off will bezconnected" to the top. of; the front drum18.Thefeed water may enterA into the boiler at any other suitable place`than; the .water-.legs as,.for. instanca the mud drun'r..

It will be noted,` that inthe various :forms of constructionillustrated; the; lwaterl legs provide large steam and Water storage.V Iconsider this. feature of importance as enabling the boiler tof takecare of fluctuating. loads, which is frequently an importantconsideration. In' all ci" the constructions illustratedthe: lower:portion of the mud; drum is lower-than the bottom: or' thefwater legs.Thisensures'thati all sedimentwill collect in. thev portion of theboiler; constructionLwhich. is 'protected' fronr. the fire' in; thefurnace,` thus protecting the furnacei wall from. burning and' excessivecorrosion. a

What I claimiszl.. In a boiler, of thecharact'erdescribed, a cas: ingprovided at opposite.'sidesthereofiwith hol-1, low supportingstructuresrconstituting water legsV a mud: drum extending transversely'of the` ,case ing adjacent one endithereof; and communicating at; itsends'with theflower; portionsgof the water legs, a water.v andsteanifdrum extendingr transversely of-.thecasing adjacentthe; other end:thereof and communicating at. its ends-with they upper .portions oftheWater-legs, said. casing including. a 'firefbox andthe'watenandsteamdrum. being positioned. above said fire-box; Awatertubes within. thevcasing. establishing communication: between the two drums, abriazige'zwallatt-the back or"v the' nre-box, a-bafe member.-extending-from; lower portion of= theY steamzand; watendrumr to withinashort distance of'lthe `rnidzdrum. and dieposedlabove the bridge wall'Aand' parallel with,

199.9 aprem' and adjacent: thelowermostrow of; tubes, an-up per-baillemember extending-:fromawithin af short distance of the water and steam'vdrum to within a: short; distanceof: the mud.y drum and disposedadjacent and parallellwith.- theupper row of tubes, a; back wall;extendingfromi the vupper baille member tothe topv ofthe casing, saidcasing being provided'with anfoutletopening adjacent the top ofthefbackiwall, andfmeanssnormally closing the space4 between thekrearward; endl of the upper bailie memberandtheiupper portion of the muddrum; l Y

2s In alboileroif the'character'described, a casing: comprisingside-water legsl and enclosing the boileru furnace; each'vof saidl legscomprising a dished inner plate'and an outer plate"n securedr thereto,Vthe". seams at the. lines off juncture between'.` the two platesbeingdisposedwholly with.- outythefurnace, Y

. 3,;:In a .boiler or the'characterdescrbed, a casingj comprisingsidewater legs andenclosing the hoiierf furnace, said legs constitutingsidey supporting :structures for: the: boiler; and: eachcomprisingranrinner'dished: plate andi anouter plate secured thereto,the'seamsat thelines of juncture; between the plates of; `therespectivey water legs: being", disposed; without the furnace.

4;'In1aboiler' construction,` a. casing compris-- ing hollow side` waterwalls, an upper header connecting and opening intothe water walls, alower: header constituting a muddrum connect'- ingthe water-` walls, andtubesv connecting said headers:l the lower header extending below thelowermost points of' said walls andcommunicatf ing directly with theWater Walls through openingsY extending; to the lowermost points thereof'fondrainingj sediment" from theI latter intothe lower header.

5'. Inza boiler constructioncomprising a fur nace, a casing comprisinghollowside water walls, an upperjhe'ader connecting andzopening into thewater walls,r a lower header' constituting a. mud drum connectingthe-water Vwa11s,.and .tubes connecting the headers, the lower headerextending below the lowermost pointsl of. the water wallsY and openingthereinto. atthe lowermost pointsV ofv said walls fork draining sedimenttherefrom intov thel lower' header, said 'lower headerl beingshieldediromthe-,fire in thefurnace. Y

6. VIn afboilerconstruction, Ya casing-, a fire box, an upper-header,V alower header constituting a mud drum, tubes' connecting the headers,Vbale means lforrvcausing the hot'gasesto assume a tor- ASHUR U.WETHERBEE.

